Requirements for Supplemental Lighting – LED grow lights
Workplace illumination is a normal requirement for greenhouses, and flower growers need to be aware that low light intensities of light can modify plant development (e.g. flowering, dormancy). The use of supplemental lighting is an issue with respect to “light pollution”. Supplemental lighting- LED grow lights is used for several purposes within greenhouse systems:
• LED grow lights are turned on before dawn and/or in the evening in order to extend the photoperiod and achieve developmental control (conversely, blackout curtains are used during daylight hours to shorten the photoperiod). Less commonly, the equivalent to daytime extension can be achieved by providing a crop with one or two hours of illumination during the middle of the night (night interruption lighting). The intensity requirement for photoperiodic regulation of plant development is low. A traditional procedure is to use 100W incandescent lamps suspended 3 feet above a crop on 4.5 foot centers. High intensity discharge lamps, more widely spaced, are also used for this purpose.
• Low intensity supplemental light can sometimes benefit low-light requiring plants. (e.g. a little supplemental light like 14w led grow light, 45w led grow light, 50w led grow light, 90w ufo led grow light can improve results with African violets)
• High intensity lighting like 120w led grow light, 300w led grow light, 600w led grow light, sufficient to significantly increase photosynthesis, is expensive in terms of capital and operating costs. High intensity treatments during the main phase of growth are only used with high-value crops (e.g. roses). It is used during the early establishment of greenhouse vegetable crops and some flower crops. Furthermore, it is sometimes used during both asexual and sexual plant propagation.
Plant & LED Grow Light
While there’s plenty of information available on plant lighting, there’s no resource available that focus on the fundamentals of how plants utilize light, types of plant lights available and how the sun compares to commercial indoor plant lights.
Light consists of many units of energy called photons. Light is both visible and invisible. Invisible light includes far-red and ultraviolet rays (UV) – both of which affect plant growth. The colors in a rainbow includes all of the light we can see (visible light). The light emitting from the sun is bent by raindrops in the air which separate “white light” into all the visible colors. The visible light spectrum is made up of several colors including red, orange, yellow, green, blue and violet.
How do plants use light?
Light is absorbed by chlorophyll, the green pigment on the leaves of plants and then converted into energy by a process called photosynthesis. Plants only utilize two of the colors in the visible light spectrum – red and blue. The other visible light colors that are reflected by plants includes green and far-red. Plants use far-red, however, to determine the amount of competition in their environment (other plants). The more plants around, the more far-red light is reflected. High levels of far-red light is an indication of competing plants. This tell the plant to grow taller, allowing it to tower over other plants to receive more light or energy.
Sunlight
While indoor horticulture lights have made significant improvements and progress, the sun remains the king of plant light. The sun, an atomic furnace that converts mass into energy, turns 657 million tons of hydrogen into 653 tons of helium. The other 4 million tons of mass is released as energy into space. Earth only receive about one two-billionths of the released energy. During mid-summer, plants enjoy a feast of over 100,000 lux (10,000 fc) of illumination.
Indoor Plant Lights
LED grow light is the absolute best choice for growing plants indoors. They offer the highest lumen to provide sufficient amounts of light to plants. The best LED grow light for growing plants are 300w LED grow light and 600w led grow light
HID lamps are generally not very energy efficient like LED grow light. They burn at a higher temperature than LED grow light – making grow rooms hot.
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